img

Bidens cosmoides

(A.Gray) Sherff (1920)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Asterids Order: Asterales Family: Asteraceae Genus: Bidens

po‘olā nui [poola nui]

Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Scandent, suffrutescent perennial herbs 1-2.5 m

Stems:

Roots: Roots adventitious.

Leaves: Leaves pinnately compound. Opposite. Blades lanceolate or ovate Margins ciliate or serrate/dentate.

Flowers:

Fruit: Fruit a simple; dry; achene (cypsela); black or brown; curved or twisted; with a pappus.

Ploidy:

Habitat:

Elevation Range:

Historical Distribution

Uses and Culture

USES

PROPAGATION/CULTIVATION

  • The seeds of Bidens cosmoides are dark brown and curved or twisted. They are 3/8 to 1/2 inch long and very narrow. Bidens species will hybridize, so plants from seeds collected where more than one species is in flower may not be true to type.
  • Allow seeds to dry on the plant before harvesting. Plant the seeds shallowly in moist, sterile potting medium. Keep the medium moist and the seeds should begin germinating in 1 to 3 weeks.
  • Bornhorst writes that fresh, mature seeds germinate best. Koob, however, states that seeds can be stored refrigerated for several years.(Bornhorst 1996; Koob 2001; Wagner 1990)
  • Bidens sp. can be grown from cuttings. Koob recommends using 2 to 6 inch long cuttings from branch tips that do not have any flowers or seeds.
  • Rooting hormones are not needed, but low strength compounds will speed up the formation of roots. Use the lowest strength Hormex rooting powder, or dilute liquid rooting compounds at a rate of 1 part concentrate to 20 parts water. After removing the lower leaves, stick the cutting into moist medium. Keep the medium moist. Cuttings will root in 3 to 6 weeks. (Koob 2001)
  • Side branches of Bidens cosmoides will root if they contact moist soil. (Koob 2001) [Data from Herring, E. C., & Criley, R. A. (2003). The Hawaiian Native Plant Propagation Web Site: Developing a Webbased Information Resource. HortTechnology, 13(3), 545-548. https://www.ctahr.hawaii.edu/hawnprop/]

Natural History

Statewide Status

Endemic

Island Status

Kaua'i Endemic

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: Bot. Gaz. 70: 98 (1920)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:274 (K)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Description Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Bidens cosmoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Sunny slope in light forest Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 2168 Kauai BISH 1926-06-27
2 Bidens cosmoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details On wet spot in forest Preserved_Specimen Phyllaries green spreading, ray flowers and disc flowers yellow, styles excerted van Balgooy, M.M.J. 4238 Kauai BISH 1982-05-30
3 Bidens cosmoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Forested slope Preserved_Specimen Main stem 4-6 ft high, erect; fl. branches often longer, horizontal. Degener, O. 20509 Kauai BISH 1950-02-07
4 Bidens cosmoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Dark forest Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 27186 Kauai BISH 1960-11-19
5 Bidens cosmoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Somewhat open forest Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 23908 Kauai BISH 1955-09-09
6 Bidens cosmoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details upper forest and drainage. Metrosideros polymorpha mixed mesic forest. W/ Dubautia laevigata, Hedyotis terminalis, Cheirodendron trigynum, Dianella sandwicensis, Poa sandwicensis, Bidens cosmoides, Peperomia membranaceae Preserved_Specimen sub-shrubs up to 3 m tall, early fruit, spindly, few branches ascending, flowers pendent at branch tips, common Wood, K.R. 11767 Kauai BISH 2006-02-23
7 Bidens cosmoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Very common in forest Preserved_Specimen Lateral branch & leaf from terminal one Degener, O. 21501 Kauai BISH 1952-01-03
8 Bidens cosmoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Dark forest Preserved_Specimen Erect terminal & horizontal branches. Degener, O. 27186 Kauai BISH 1960-11-19
9 Bidens cosmoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Edge of wet woods Preserved_Specimen 4-6 ft tall St.John, H. 13699 Kauai BISH 1933-12-27
10 Bidens cosmoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Common in dark woods Preserved_Specimen Heads always upside down Degener, O. 27351 Kauai BISH 1961-03-15
11 Bidens cosmoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details In rainforest Preserved_Specimen Fruiting branches horizontal, with magnificent head upside down Degener, O. 20506 Kauai BISH 1950-01-31
12 Bidens cosmoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details north facing slopes above Awini Stream Metrosideros-Acacia montane mesic forest with Alphitonia pondersoa, Antidesma platyphylla, Euphorbia atrococca, Claoxylon sandwicensis, Dodonaea viscosa, Myrsine lanaiensis, Nestegis sandwicensis, Dracaena aurea, Polyscias kavaiensis, Planch Preserved_Specimen subshrub, along ridge trail, flowers pendent, occasional with B. Sandwicensis Wood, K.R. 14958 Kauai BISH 2012-04-27
13 Bidens cosmoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Mixed Mesic Forest canopy of Acacia koa and Metrosideros polymorpha w/Nestegis, Coprosma, Charpentiera, Dodonaea, Microlepia, Phytolacca, Hillebrandia sandwicensis, Ilex anomala, Tetraplasandra waimeae, Cyrtandra longiflora, Cheirodendron trigynum, Dianella sandwicensis. In full sun in area w/pig damage. Growing w/ Rubus argutus. Preserved_Specimen Sprawling plant w/10 ft long procumbent trunk. Fls yellow and immature frt. Tangalin, N. 1977 Kauai BISH 2009-04-09
14 Bidens cosmoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Sunny slope in light forest. Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 2168 Kauai BISH 1926-06-27
15 Bidens cosmoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Growing in dense rain forest with Acacia koa, Cyanea leptostegia, Metrosideros, & Myrsine Preserved_Specimen Gillett, G.W. 1763 Kauai BISH 1965-06-07
16 Bidens cosmoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Acacia koa-Metrosideros mesic forest. With Xylosma hawaiiense, Planchonella sandwicensis, Psychotria greenwelliae, Scaevola procera, Nestegis sandwicensis, Ilex anomala, Syzgium sandwicensis, Myoporum sandwicense, Pleomele aurea, Kadu a Preserved_Specimen Shrubs 2 meter ht with yellow flowers and fruit. Perlman, S. 23326 Kauai BISH 2013-03-06
17 Bidens cosmoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details In Acacia koa-Metrosideros mesic forrest with Styphelia, Dianella sandwicensis, Psychotria mariniana, Santalum freycinetianum var pyrularium, Charpentiera elliptica, Claoxylon, Lantana, Rubus argutus, Psidium cattleianum. Preserved_Specimen Shrub 3 - 6 ft ht, fls. pendant, yellow. Perlman, S. 19881 Kauai BISH 2005-11-18
18 Bidens cosmoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Wet Forst restoration area with Mountain Apple and Kukui canopy Wild Native Species - Psychotria mariniana, Charpentiera elliptica, Psydrax odorata, Diospyros hilledbrandia, Freycinetia arborea Preserved_Specimen no desc. Edmonds, M. 240 Kauai BISH 2014-08-28
19 Bidens cosmoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Sunny slope in light forest Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 2168 Kauai BISH 1926-06-27
20 Bidens cosmoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Somewhat open forest Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 23908 Kauai BISH 1955-09-09
21 Bidens cosmoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details In forest Preserved_Specimen Heads drooping Alexander, A.M. 5195 Kauai BISH 1947-03-07
22 Bidens cosmoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Metrosideros polymorpha-Dicranopteris linearis wet forest. Antidesma platyphylla, Ilex anomala, Polyscias waialeale, Scaevola gaudichaudiana, Bobea brevipes, Psychotria mariniana, Cyanea kahiliensis, weeds: Psidium cattlelanum Preserved_Specimen Shrub 2 meter ht with yellow flowers Perlman, S. 23465 Kauai BISH 2013-05-21
23 Bidens cosmoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 10291 Kauai BISH
24 Bidens cosmoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 218 Kauai BISH 1909-08-01
25 Bidens cosmoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Erect, sprawling shrub, 6-8 m hight, flowers yellow, many stamens Wilder, G.P. 448 Kauai BISH 1926-03-08
26 Bidens cosmoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Heads nodding, rays bright yellow, disk corollas deep chestnut brown with yellow lobes, anthers black, style greatly exserted, yellow, stigmatic portion with branches coherent, middle part capitate, puberulent, with 2 short erect subulate appendages Fosberg, F.R. 59499 Kauai BISH 1980-03-04
27 Bidens cosmoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 1085 Kauai BISH 1917-07-03
28 Bidens cosmoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Mann, H. 537 Kauai BISH 1864-01-01
29 Bidens cosmoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Acacia koa-Metrosideros mesic forest. With Alphitonia ponderosa, Santalum pyrularium, Pleomele aurea, Dodonaea viscosa, Planchonella sandwicensis, Leptecophylla, Rubus argutus, Lantana camara Preserved_Specimen Shrubs, about 2-3 meter ht with yellow flowers, fruit Perlman, S. 23022 Kauai BISH 2012-10-02
30 Bidens cosmoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 1698 Kauai BISH 1917-07-03
31 Bidens cosmoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 10291 Kauai BISH
32 Bidens cosmoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 785 Kauai BISH 1917-07-03
33 Bidens cosmoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details In partial shade at rds edge Preserved_Specimen Soft-wooded shrubs up to ca. 2 m tall, flowers bright yellow, mostly nodding Fay, J.J. 323 Kauai BISH 1975-04-08
34 Bidens cosmoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Dry-mesic forest Preserved_Specimen More or less erect, to about 6 ft, branches intertwining withneighboring plants, flowers pendulous, yellow, foliage dk green Herbst, D.R. 1024 Kauai BISH 1968-04-04
35 Bidens cosmoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Christensen, C. 90 Kauai BISH 1976-11-03
36 Bidens cosmoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rémy, J. 278 Kauai BISH 1851-01-01
37 Bidens cosmoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Flynn, T.W. 1092 Kauai BISH 1985-05-10
38 Bidens cosmoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 20509 Kauai BISH 1950-02-07
39 Bidens cosmoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Skottsberg, C.J.F. 931 Kauai BISH 1922-10-27
40 Bidens cosmoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Heller, A.A. 2791 Kauai BISH 1895-09-02
41 Bidens cosmoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Flynn, T.W. 852 Kauai BISH 1984-05-11
42 Bidens cosmoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 495 Kauai BISH 1979-09-18
43 Bidens cosmoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 1589 Kauai BISH 1909-02-14
44 Bidens cosmoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 218 Kauai BISH 1909-08-01
45 Bidens cosmoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 785 Kauai BISH 1917-07-03
46 Bidens cosmoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 17310 Kauai BISH 1920-01-01
47 Bidens cosmoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Cranwell, L.M. 3007 Kauai BISH 1938-08-19
48 Bidens cosmoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 10721 Kauai BISH 1930-12-26
49 Bidens cosmoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Lydgate, J.M. Kauai BISH
50 Bidens cosmoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Christophersen, E. Kauai BISH 1925-03-01
51 Bidens cosmoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Landgraf, L. Kauai BISH 1986-02-15
52 Bidens cosmoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Steep, moist, N facing slope, associated species, relative abundance: Lobelia, Cyanea, Pouteria, Pipturus, Touchardia, Urera, Diospyros, abundant on N side of mountain Preserved_Specimen Montgomery, S.L. 16 Kauai BISH 1970-08-30
53 Bidens cosmoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Neal, M.C. Kauai BISH 1936-08-09
54 Bidens cosmoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen College of Hawaii Herbarium Kauai BISH
55 Bidens cosmoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 20509 Kauai BISH 1950-02-07
56 Bidens cosmoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Rainforest Preserved_Specimen Shrub, stem 2m x 4cm, lateral branches without dk red at base St.John, H. 19988 Kauai BISH 1939-02-11
57 Bidens cosmoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Open rain forest Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 23869 Kauai BISH 1955-09-07
58 Bidens cosmoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Growing over shrubs just below the cliff face Preserved_Specimen Herbst, D.R. 2878 Kauai BISH 1973-01-21
59 Bidens cosmoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Disturbed mixed mesophytic forest of Metrosideros & Acacia koa invaded by Rubus & Passiflora; occasional, forest understory Preserved_Specimen Herb 1.5-2 m tall, stems sprawling or vining, flower heads nodding, ray florets yellow. Lorence, D.H. 5279 Kauai BISH 1987-07-01
60 Bidens cosmoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Precipitous forested slope Preserved_Specimen Flowers pendent Degener, O. 21493 Kauai BISH 1951-12-30
61 Bidens cosmoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Somewhat open forest Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 23908 Kauai BISH 1955-09-09
62 Bidens cosmoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Acacia-Metrosideros montane mesic forest w/ Alphitonia ponderosa, Planchonella sandwicensis, Diospyros sandwicensis, Leptecophylla tameiameiae, Santalum pyrularium, Dracaena aurea, Pittosporum glabrum, Cheirodendron tribynum, Ilex Preserved_Specimen Erect suffrutescent herb, 1 m tall, w/ nodding flowers, no achenes, common. Wood, K.R. 18933 Kauai BISH 2022-03-03
63 Bidens cosmoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details In drainage below Kapalaoa Metrosideros polymorpha var glaberrima, Metrosideros waialeale var waialeale, Cheirodendron faurel, Pritchardia flynnii, Polyscias flynnii, Embella pacifica, Cyanea hirbella, Dubautia imbricata, Antide Preserved_Specimen Robust bidens growing in ephemeral stream. Flowers bright yellow with several whorls of involucral bracts subtending the capitulum. Leaves with turpentine smell when crushed. Deans, S. 4212301 Kauai BISH 2023-04-21
64 Bidens cosmoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Koa/Alphitonia forest Preserved_Specimen Disc flowers orange yellow. No ray flowers seen. Upright herb of six ft., branched above. Flynn, T.W. 1836 Kauai BISH 1986-07-28
65 Bidens cosmoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Diverse mesic forest with Metrosideros polymorpha, Syzygium sandwicensis, Cheirodendron trigynum, Psychotria greenwelliae, Cyanea (hirtella?), Dodonaea, Vaccinium, Claoxylon, Coprosma, Ilex, Dianella, Dicranopteris, Psidium cattleianum, Hedychium. Preserved_Specimen Shrub 2 m tall. Yellow, very showy composite inflorescence, displayed facing downward. Small population of approx. 20 plants (5 mat, 10 imm, 5 seedlings) Trauernicht, C. 746 Kauai BISH 2009-02-19
66 Bidens cosmoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Dryland forest Preserved_Specimen 4-5 ft tall, flowers 1.75 in diameter, yellow, very showy Christensen, C. 90 Kauai BISH 1976-11-03
67 Bidens cosmoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details upper forest and drainage, mesic; Metrosideros, Acacia, Dubautia laevigata, Hedyotis terminalis, Cheirodendron trigynum, Dianella sandwicensis, Poa sandwicensis, Bidens cosmoides, Peperomia membranacea Preserved_Specimen to 2 m shrub; flower pendent, some achenes mature Wood, K.R. 13050 Kauai BISH 2008-05-22
68 Bidens cosmoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Metrosideros-Cheirodendron spp lowland wet forest with Broussaisia, Melicope, Hedyotis, Freycinetia, Pritchardia, Antidesma, Psychotria, Elaphoglossum, Viola helenae, Cyrtandra, Hesperomannia, Dicranopteris. Preserved_Specimen Many scattered plants with flowers. Perlman, S. 5975 Kauai BISH 1987-06-20
69 Bidens cosmoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details In forest of Diospyros, Metrosideros, Psychotria, Chamaesyce, and Cyanea. Preserved_Specimen Upright, robust shrubs of five ft. Heads upright; ray flowers 9-20, bright yellow; disc flowers numerous, orange. Flynn, T.W. 2964 Kauai BISH 1988-04-26
70 Bidens cosmoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Common in dark woods Preserved_Specimen Heads always upside down Degener, O. 27351 Kauai BISH 1961-03-15
71 Bidens cosmoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Undershrub in rainforest Preserved_Specimen Scandend shrub; height 2-3 m; flower yellow & red Bryan Jr., E.H. 1444 Kauai BISH 1940-07-28
72 Bidens cosmoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Open forest Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 20508 Kauai BISH 1950-02-01
73 Bidens cosmoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Dense forest Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 21631 Kauai BISH 1952-01-13
74 Bidens cosmoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Growing on moist bottomland in deep shade under trees of Koa, Metrosideros, Cyanea leptostegia, et al. Preserved_Specimen Plants have the odor of fresh carrots (as in other Hawaiian Bidens) on the foliage, each of the longitudinally contorted achenes is completely enveloped by a receptacular bract Gillett, G.W. 1763 Kauai BISH 1965-06-07
75 Bidens cosmoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Undergrowth in open forest Preserved_Specimen Herb, ht 2.5 m MacDaniels, L.H. 752 Kauai BISH 1927-02-17
76 Bidens cosmoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Sunny slope in light forest Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 2168 Kauai BISH 1926-06-27
77 Bidens cosmoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Metrosideros polymorpha mesic to wet forest with Metrosideros polymorpha var. glaberrima, M. polymorpha var. dieteri, Dodonaea viscosa, Cheirodendron trigynum, Dicranopteris linearis, Diplopterygium pinnatum, Syzyglum sandwicense, Psychotria maari Preserved_Specimen Sprawling shrub about 3 feet tall. Inflorescence heads pendent. Ray and disk florets vibrant yellow. Walsh, S. 751 Kauai BISH 2020-04-30
78 Bidens cosmoides Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Scattered in forest Preserved_Specimen Largest flowers in the genus, heads always pendent (hanging upside down), styles very long, disk flowers slightly pinkish-yellow Stone, B.C. 3356 Kauai BISH 1960-04-12
Back to Top